Development in the innovation of lead halide-based perovskite quantum dots from rare earth-doped garnet-based phosphors for light-emitting diodes

Abstract Phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) are a promising light-emitting device for shifting the conventional illuminating apparatus because of their high efficiency, lifetime, flexibility, low-energy consumption, and environmentally benign nature. In 1993, Nichia Corporation in Japan has successfully developed blue-emitting InGaN LEDs, and in 1996, they have combined the blue LED with yellow phosphor, YAG: Ce3 + (Y3Al5O12/Ce3 +) and developed the first WLEDs in the world. The WLEDs are now recognized as the next-generation lighting devices and superior lighting technology compared with the traditional incandescent and fluorescent lamps because of their inherent advantageous such as energy-saving, robust/tough devices, and environment-friendly features. However, because of the lack of a red light component in the emission of YAG/Ce3 +, it is difficult to make a warm white LEDs with a high color rendering index (CRI, > 80) and low correlated color temperature (CCT,