Measurement methods for flow electrification in the context of a tank being filled with a dielectric liquid

The contact of a tank with the liquid with which it is being filled creates an electrical double layer at the interface between the two materials. On the liquid side, the movement of this electrical charge by the filling or the draining of the tank induces a streaming current which is an image of the intrinsic flow electrification phenomenon occurring at the walls of the tank. Indeed, the flow of the liquid modifies the electro-neutrality of the solid/liquid interface which is re-established with the generation of new electrical charge in the electrical double layer via complex physicochemical reactions in the form a wall current. More, this process of charge generation is modified if the liquid entering the tank already contains a certain amount of charge and may even invert the sign of the charge generated. This paper discusses experimental techniques that allow measuring, on the one hand, the amount of charge entering with the liquid in a tank being filled and, on the other hand, the intrinsic amount of charge generated at the wall of the tank independently of the charge coming with the liquid. These methods were validated by analytical models with an acceptable precision level for an industrial approach. Techniques for analyzing the impact of the charge entering the tank on the one generated intrinsically at the walls are also explored but their validation is still under study.