Porous magnesium scaffolds for bone implant applications: a review

For over two decades, various porous polymeric and metallic-based implants have been used as load-bearing scaffold for mechanical attachment and tissue ingrowths. Porous implants designed for biological fixation of prostheses in bone replacement and enhance mechanical demand as load-bearing material. Therefore, studies on the effect of using parameters, such as pore size, pore structure, and porosity with respect to cell adhesion as well as tissue ingrowths have been extensively reported. This article aims to report the current status and future challenge on using porous magnesium scaffold for bone implant application. Techniques on manufacturing technology for producing porous magnesium scaffold will also be highlighted.