Correlation between the severity of coronary artery lesions and the risk factors of coronary artery disease in young patients

Objective To evaluate the correlation between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and the severity of coronary artery lesions in young patients(age ≤45 years).Methods One thousand one hundred and thirty-seven patients who had undergone coronary angiography were selected according to founded criteria.Of them 494 were diagnosed as coronary artery disease(CAD group) and 643 as non-CAD(non-CAD group) by angiography.The difference of the risk factors between the two groups,and the characteristics of coronary artery lesions revealed by the severity of coronary artery lesion,Gensini cumulative score,and number of stenosed coronary artery branches,were analyzed.Results Obvious differences were found between the two groups in regard to sex ratio,incidence of hypertension,type II diabetes and obesity,and the habit of smoking and drinking.Logistic regression analysis showed that type II diabetes was the most significant predictor for the extent and severity of CAD in young patients,followed by hypertension and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C).The serum level of total bilirubin was the protective factor of CAD.Conclusion The most important independent risk factor for CAD in young patients is type II diabetes mellitus,and the independent protective factor is the serum level of total bilirubin.