Research on the use of some apple genitors in the breeding process for genetic resistance to disease and fruit quality.

Research conducted at the Research and Development Station for Fruit Growing Voine ti in the period 2012 2014, took into account the increase of genetic variability through the use of hybrid combinations that involved commercially valuable genotypes or selected elite in order to obtain desired characteristics: genetic resistance to disease, low vigor, constant production, firm pulp and good storage capacity. In apple breeding for genetic resistance at RDSG Voine ti were used as genitors, apple elites and recently created cultivars with genetic resistance to disease, which have embedded complex resistance genes: Iris, Inedit, Goldrush, Ariwa, Topaz, Golden Lasa or genotypes created in Voine ti: H1/22, H5/20, H2/75, H1/27, H1/7, H4/37 etc. Apple seedlings hybrids obtained in jiffy 7 in greenhouse were transplanted in the fortification field, after a previous mass selection, depending on objectives. After the selection of forms derived from hybrid seedlings planted in the fortification field, it resulted 40.3% to 96.2% seedlings resistant to scab, the following combinations: Inedit x Topaz (83.3%), Topaz x H1/27 (93.1%), Inedit x Ariwa (93.7%), Goldrush x H1/3 (96.2%) etc. Creating apple varieties with genetic resistance to disease is an ongoing process that must be done by annually hybrid combinations using high economic value genitors which enclose complex genetic resistance genes.