Structure Evolution of Organic Compounds in Shale Plays by Spectroscopy (1H & 13C−NMR, XPS, and FTIR) Analysis

Amorphous organic matter in geomaterials also known as kerogen undergoes significant alteration in chemical structure during thermal maturation which is characterized using a combination of solid−state 1H & 13C−NMR, X−ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques.