Construction method capable of measuring panoramic picture

The invention relates to a construction method capable of measuring a panoramic picture, which comprises the following steps of: 1) performing cylindrical projection on horizontal view angle original pictures acquired by a stereoscopic camera in a 360-degree range; 2) extracting control points from cylindrical pictures after the cylindrical projection by adopting a scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm, and then calculating relative postures of other pictures through the control points by taking one of the pictures as a basis; 3) splicing the cylindrical pictures after the cylindrical projection according to the relative postures of the other pictures to generate the panoramic picture; and 4) reversely projecting the panoramic picture to a plane, establishing a linkage relationship of the panoramic picture and the original pictures, then selecting any point on the panoramic picture to obtain pixel coordinates of the point on the original pictures through inverse computation, and finally measuring the coordinates, the distance and the slope gradient of the point according to calibrated stereoscopic camera parameters through a forward intersection principle. The construction method not only realizes the measurement of the panoramic picture, but also can actually reflect three-dimensional geographic information.