Difficulties in Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy

Bladder cancer is a common malignancy of the urinary tract. It accounts for 63,000 new cases and 13,000 deaths annually in the USA.1 Radical cystectomy remains the primary line of treatment for muscle invasive disease. Laparoscopy has been successfully used in urological surgery, mainly for the kidney and the prostate. Laparoscopic radical cystectomy was the natural development for successful urological laparoscopy.