Посевная площадь и урожайность озимой пшеницы

Paper describes dynamics of acreage, gross collecting and productivity of winter wheat for 2010-2015 in the main regions of its cultivation the Southern, Central and Volga federal districts of the Russian Federation. From 75 to 85 % of all acreage occupied by this culture annually fall to the share of these territories. Average productivity was made above 29.2 c/hectare. Greatest productivity for six analyzed years was received in 2014 35.1 c/hectare, and the least in 2012 23,1 c/hectare. The special attention was also paid to analysis of Rostov region called indexes. Soil climatic conditions of the southern, Azov and central raflux zone of area were optimum for receiving winter wheat’s big grain crops. Southern (from 399.2 to 489.5 thousand hectares) and Azov (from 330.8 to 395.4 thousand hectares) zones became leaders in acreage. In the central raflux zone (from 175.6 to 231.1 thousand hectares) for the studied period was sowed least of all this culture. The emphasis by specific gravity in the Rostov region the following grades of winter wheat are the most widespread: Ermak (14.0 %), Gubernator Dona (8.9 %), Stanichnaya (6.4 %), Grom (5.5 %), Severodonetskaya yubileinaya (4,6%), Tanya (4.4 %), Tanais (2,9%), Dominanta (2,8%), Avgusta (2.8 %), Donskaya lira (2.6 %). It is expedient to increase winter wheat grain productions in the region due to introduction of grade technologies and the exact selection of grade structure for each soil climatic zone.