Co-occurrence and Severity of Neurodevelopmental Burden (Cognitive Impairment, Cerebral Palsy, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Epilepsy) at Age 10 Years in Children Born Extremely Preterm
2017
Abstract Background This study aims to determine the prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairments at age ten years among children born extremely preterm (less than 28 weeks gestational age) and to offer a framework for categorizing neurological limitations. Methods A multicenter, prospective cohort follow-up study recruited 889 ten-year-old children born from 2002 to 2004. We assessed prevalence of cognitive impairment, measured by intelligent quotient and tests of executive function, cerebral palsy (CP), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and epilepsy singly and in combination. The three levels of impairment severity were: category I—no major neurodevelopmental impairment; category II—normal cognitive ability with CP, ASD, and/or epilepsy; and category III—children with cognitive impairment. Results A total 214 of 873 children (25%) had cognitive impairment, 93 of 849 children (11%) had CP, 61 of 857 children (7%) had ASD, and 66 of 888 children (7%) had epilepsy. Further, 19% of all children had one diagnosis, 10% had two diagnoses, and 3% had three diagnoses. Decreasing gestational age was associated with increasing number of impairments ( P Conclusions Three quarters of children had normal intellect at age ten years; nearly 70% were free of neurodevelopmental impairment. Forty percent of children with impairments had multiple diagnoses.
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