Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease in a bariatric versus non-bariatric population. A retrospective analysis of the US national inpatient sample (NIS) database.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND In the past five 5 years our team has studied the effects of bariatric surgery on chronic kidney disease (CKD) at our institution. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the impact of bariatric surgery (BaS) on the prevalence and likelihood of CKD and end stage renal disease (ESRD) nationwide. SETTING Academic Hospital, United States METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the US National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database for the years 2010—2015 and compared. Univariate and multivariable analysis were performed to assess the impact of BaS on the point prevalence and the probability of CKD and ESRD. Similarly, a multivariable logistic regression was conducted, to measure the impact of the most important risk factors for CKD exclusively in a severely obese population. RESULTS Data on 296,041 BaS cases and 2,004,804 severely obese controls was extracted from the NIS database and relative to controls, all baseline CKD risk factors were less common among bariatric surgery cases. Nonetheless, even after adjusting for all CKD risk factors, controls exhibited marked increases in the odds of CKD-stage III [OR 3.10(3.05-3.14) p CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective, case control study of a large, representative national sample of severely obese patients, BaS was found to be associated with significantly reduced point-prevalence and likelihood for CKD when adjusted for baseline CKD risk factors as compared to obese patient who did not undergo BaS. Overall, BaS resulted in a reduced rate and a moderate decrease in the likelihood of ESRD.