Characteristics of never smoker lung cancer including environmental and occupational risk factors.

Abstract Introduction Clinical characteristics and risk factors of nonsmoker patients with lung cancer are still debated. Aim and methods The aim of this work is to describe the characteristics of never smoker patients with lung cancer, focusing on occupational and environmental exposures, Data collected were: age, gender, histological types, methods of diagnosis, TNM staging, smoking, and occupational data. Statistical analysis included descriptive analyses, Pearson's chi-square or nonparametric tests, and logistic regressions. Results All lung cancers diagnosed between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2006, representing 1493 cases were included. Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) [Odds Ratio (OR)=2.5 (1.5–4.3), p vs men: ETS exposure (78.6% nonsmoker women vs 21.4% nonsmoker men, p vs 48.6%, p Conclusions Main risk factors (ETS and occupational exposure) may only explain some cases.