Optimal decision making model of battery energy storage-assisted electric vehicle charging station considering incentive demand response

Considering large scale implementation of electric vehicles (EVs), public EV charging stations are served as fuel tanks for EVs to meet the need of longer travelling distance and overcome the shortage of private charging piles. The allocation of local battery energy storage (BES) can enhance the flexibility of the EV charging station. This paper proposes an optimal decision making model of the BES-assisted EV charging station considering the incentive demand response. Firstly, the detailed models of the BES-assisted EV charging station are presented. Secondly, as a representative incentive demand response, the emergency demand response (EDR) model is introduced. Thirdly, based on the charging load forecast data, an optimal decision making model of the BES-assisted EV charging station considering the EDR to maximize the charging station's operating profit is established. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method is verified through case studies. The conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) Through the optimal decision making model, correct and profitable EDR participation decision can be determined for the BES-assisted EV charging station effectively. 2) Local BES in the EV charging station can improve the charging station's ability to participate in the EDR.