Економіко-виробничі аспекти переробки біомаси в енергетичну складову

The article describes the economic and production aspects of biomass processing in the energy component. It is emphasized that renewable energy is a sector that is extremely dynamic in the world, and biomass fuels deserves special attention among alternative fuels. It is established that biomass-based solid energy includes briquettes and pellets; biomass is a liquid energy carrier that is biofuels; the gaseous source is gas methane (biogas), and the origin of biomass can be quite varied, starting with waste and agricultural residues, food industry, household and ending with municipal waste. It is substantiated that biomass is a raw material for the production of alternative energy, which is a source of various benefits. A number of weighty arguments in favor of biomass have been identified. For example, the fact that the processing of manure and wastewater, plant residues by methane fusion will reduce the emission of greenhouse gases to 50% from the agricultural activity. Reducing these emissions by 30-50% will be able to provide revenues to the state budget of our state of 150-200 million dollars. US annually. Also, a significant economic effect can be achieved from the cultivation of energy crops for the production of bioremediation. An efficient raw material for the production of biomass briquettes is vegetable waste: sunflower husk, buckwheat, millet, flax, straw, sawdust soft and hard wood, etc. A promising liquid biofuel species is bioethanol − a kind of biofuel, which is eventually obtained by the processing of plant (at least − animal) raw materials. The main advantage of bioethanol in gasoline as an energy source is its low cost and the absence of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. Thus, based on the analysis of economic and production aspects of processing of biomass into the energy component, the main advantages and disadvantages of solid, liquid and gaseous alternative energy sources have been identified. On the basis of a comprehensive study it is proved that the strategic task of the state in the conditions of energy dependence should be the development of processing of biomass into the energy component. It is possible to fulfill the tasks only if active introduction of scientific achievements and researches in the given sphere into the practice of management is actively implemented.