Direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of myoglobin immobilized in zirconium phosphate nanosheets film

Abstract Myoglobin (Mb) is incorporated on a novel matrix—zirconium phosphate nanosheets (ZrPNS) and immobilized at a glassy carbon electrode surface. UV–vis spectra and electrochemical measurements show that the matrix is well biocompatible and can retain the bioactivity of immobilized Mb. The direct electron transfer between Mb and electrode exhibits a couple of well-defined redox peaks. The cathodic and anodic peaks are located at −0.340 and −0.280 V vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively. The ZrPNS can improve the electron transfer between Mb and electrode with an electron transfer constant of 5.6 s −1 . Meanwhile, the catalytic ability of the protein toward the reduction of H 2 O 2 , O 2 , NaNO 2 , trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is also studied and a third-generation biosensor is subsequently fabricated. The linear range of biosensor to H 2 O 2 is from 8 × 10 −7 to 1.28 × 10 −5  M with the limit detection of 1.4 × 10 −7  M. The small apparent Michaelis–Menten constant (34 μM) suggests that Mb/ZrPNS film performs good affinity with H 2 O 2 . The biosensor also exhibits acceptable stability and reproducibility. This work paves a way to develop other biologic active materials in this kind of nanosheets for constructing novel biosensors.