Potencial de Trichilia pallida Swartz (Meliaceae) como fonte de substâncias com atividade inseticida sobre a traça-do-tomateiro, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Organic and aqueous extracts of the Trichilia pallida Swartz (Meliaceae) were obtained for identification of fractions with insecticidal activity against the tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). Leaf and twig freeze-dried aqueous extracts (FDA) were resuspended in water at 3% and sprayed, with the aid of a mini-atomizer, over tomato leaflets infested with newly-hatched larvae. Larval mortality at 5 and 10 days after infestation (DAI) were higher for leaf extracts. In a second set of experiments, leaf extracts at 1% (w/v) were obtained by maceration in hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DIC) and methanol (MET), and tested as described above using acetone and water as control. DIC extracts were the most promising as a source of substances with insecticidal activity against larvae of T. absoluta. DIC leaf extracts were further processed and subjected to partition assays, producing fractions in HEX, MET, ethyl acetate (ETA), n-butanol (NBU) and water (WA). The 0.15% ETA and MET fractions obtained from the partition assay of DIC extracts showed the highest insecticidal activity against T. absoluta.