Detection of Brucella Abortus in Caprine and Ovine by Real-Time PCR Assay

A molecular research was carried out in the areas of Lahore in order to confirm the existence of B. abortus antigen in Caprine and ovine by utilizing molecular techniques in this study. Small ruminants can be infected with B. abortus (the causative agent of bovine brucellosis), which complicates brucellosis control efforts because most brucellosis control programmes rely on immunological testing rather than genomic testing to determine the specific species circulating in ruminants. Now at this investigation, n = 1270 goat serum samples and n = 770 sheep serum samples were collected, respectively. After already being tested with the Rose Bengal test, all positive specimens were examined to the real-time PCR technique. RBT confirmed brucellosis prevalence of 21.43±0.37% and 18.11±0.12 in caprine and ovine respectively. Out of 230 positive goat samples, real-time PCR found B. abortus in 150 samples (65.21±0.51) in sheep and goats and 118 samples (71.51±0.21%) out of 165 seropositive sheep samples. Brucella abortus infection in small ruminants could be caused by a combination of factors including mixed farming of small and large ruminants, sharing of the same pasture, and the presence of reservoir hosts on a farm, all of which could be risk factors for Brucella species cross-infection in non-species hosts. It has been determined that B. abortus is the causative agent of caprine and ovine brucellosis in the country of Pakistan. Results of this study can be utilised to develop successful brucellosis eradication and control strategies in small ruminants, which can be applied to other animals.