Network Structure Routing Protocols of WSN: Focus, Review & Analysis

In wireless networks, huge throughput, minimum delay and optimum bandwidth efficiency are considered as the prime concerns when mobility has existence. In sensor networks, when nodes change position, the topology of the network can also amend rapidly, hence such networks seek for a responsive routing procedures that finds valid routes directly as the topology changes and old routes turned into broken. The restricted capacity of the network channel calls for efficient routing procedures that do not drive the network into a congested status when new routes are implemented. In this paper we strive to present a focus review and analysis for three fundamental routing categories in sensor networks based on the network structure, specifically data-centric protocols, hierarchical protocols and location based protocols. Hierarchical protocols are applied to achieve energy efficient routing, data centric protocols are inquiry based and concentrate on eliminating non essential transmissions whereas location based procedures need position coordinates in order that optimal path can be established without utilizing flooding scheme. This review provides a sprightly and structured introduction to the most important network structure routing protocols supported by illustrative layouts.