Probiotic Effects on Skin Health: The Case of Photoprotection as a Model of Gut-Skin Dialog

The skin is the most external organ of our body, and it is constantly exposed to environmental challenges. In this way, ultraviolet radiation (UVr) contained within sunlight is one of the most important insults that our skin deals with. UVr deeply affects skin cells, promoting DNA damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial alterations, all of which lead to local inflammation after acute exposures and to skin carcinogenesis after chronic ones. Additionally, UVr can also alter our immune system, suppressing adaptive immune responses.