Determination of silver in photographic emulsion: comparison of traditional solid-state electrodes and a new ion-selective membrane electrode
2000
The performance of a new ion-selective membrane electrode as a
suitable probe for measuring silver ions in photographic emulsions was
compared with traditional silver/silver halide electrodes and silver bars
used by Kodak. The ion-selective membrane was assembled using conventional
10−3 mol dm−3 AgNO3 inner
filling solutions and silver ion buffered (at 10−7.2 mol
dm−3) solutions in an attempt to achieve lower limits of
detection. Membrane fouling on the inner side of the membrane (on storage
in conditioning solution) was observed for the latter. Although this
prevented the use of the electrode in photographic emulsions, the
observation is significant as it implies Donnan exclusion failure due to
extraction of primary ions. The behaviour of the conventional membrane
electrode was similar to that of silver/silver chloride electrodes in both
aqueous solutions and photographic emulsion. This showed that a suitable
membrane ion-selective electrode is eminently suitable for the direct
measurement of silver ions in photographic emulsion media.
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