Action-oriented Life Cycle Assessment: example on hemp-based construction materials
2013
Life Cycle Assessment is often considered as an evaluation method the application of which
rarely provides enough information to take decisions, mainly because of high uncertainties of
data and obtained results. These uncertainties can partly be related to existing variability
among processes, which are represented as average processes in LCI databases. However,
instead of calculating average data, considering sources of data variability could provide
useful information to the LCA user, in order to make LCA more helpful for decision making,
e. g. with the objective of improving environmental performances of products.
The proposed idea is thus to develop an action-oriented LCA systematic method based on
sensitivity analysis. The first step consists in separating parts of the technological system
related to different economic actors, i.e. the agricultural system, transformation processes, the
use phase, the end of life treatment. In a second step, each part of the system is then analysed
in terms of models that are used to calculate inventory flows. Models are analysed to identify
relevant parameters. These must be independent and are classified in three categories: (i)
technological parameters that are subjected to controllable variations (i.e. action possibilities),
(ii) environmental parameter that are subjected to uncontrolled variations, (iii) and modelling
parameters that are subjected to choices made by the expert. In a third step, the influence on
impact indicators of each independent parameter is assessed using screening and global
sensitivity analysis. In a last step, sensitivity results are used to identify action possibilities in
order to improve the environmental performances of the product.
The method is developed for the example of hemp-based construction materials and focuses
on a single economic actor: the agricultural system. Models used to calculate emissions from
tractors and fertilization operations are analysed. [no pdf]
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