Distributed recursive least-squares fusion method for gas leakage source localisation

Gas leakage source localisation has received considerable attention in the field of environmental monitoring and protection. In this study, an adaptive distributed recursive least-squares fusion method is presented with sensor networks, in which the estimator of gas source parameters and the corresponding error are updated with observations and results from the neighbouring nodes. The method could be implemented with two sensor node scheduling schemes: the global and local methods. This study aimed to propose an information fusion objective function for optimising estimation accuracy and energy consumption to balance the performance and resource utilisation of sensor nodes. The performance of the two different methods was analysed. Compared with the global method, the local method was found to achieve the desired performance with a significant reduction of the required sensor nodes, along with a decrease in congestion, energy consumption, and time latency in communication.