Loading behaviour of flexible raft foundations in full scale and centrifuge models

2013 
Flexible rafts are commonly used foundation systems for different kinds of constructions. A raft is easy to build and to design even though the dimensioning is not straight forward. Two buildings were equipped to measure the stress distribution between raft foundations and the adjacent soil, and to measure the deformation of the load-carrying column on top of the foundation in order to know the load extent. To compare the full scale measurements with another model, centrifuge tests have been conducted in a drum centrifuge at ETH Zurich. The loading behaviour of different raft foundations has been studied on these two models. This contribution gives a short summary of the comparison between the measurements gained from full scale and the model tests in the centrifuge. The conditions in the centrifuge provide an ideal stress distribution between raft and soil, while different influences on a raft foundation in full scale such as the geometry of the load bringing structure and loading sequences influence the stress distribution in the real world. Les fondations flexibles sur radier sont un systeme de fondations utilise communement pour differents types de construction. Un radier est facile a construire et a dimensionner, meme si le dimensionnement n'est pas immediat. Deux bâtiments ont ete instrumentes pour mesurer la distribution des contraintes entre les fondations sur radier et le sol adjacent ainsi que les deformations de la colonne porteuse situee sur la fondation afin de connaitre l'importance de la charge. Des essais en centrifugeuse ont ete realises dans la centrifugeuse tambour a l'ETH Zurich afin de comparer les mesures grandeur nature a un autre modele. Le comportement sous charge de differentes fondations sur radier a ete etudie pour ces deux modeles. Cette contribution donne un court resume de la comparaison entre les mesures obtenues grâce aux essais grandeur nature et aux essais dans la centrifugeuse: les conditions dans la centrifugeuse fournissent une distribution des contraintes ideale entre le radier et le sol, alors que les differentes influences sur une fondation sur radier, telles que la geometrie de la structure transmettant la charge et les sequences de chargement ont un effet sur la distribution des contrainte dans une situation grandeur nature.
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