Preoperative anxiety of patients with orthopedic surgery and its influencing factors

Objective To explore the preoperative anxiety of patients with orthopedic surgery and its influencing factors. Methods From February to July 2019, this study selected 252 orthopedic patients with surgery at a ClassⅢ Grade A hospital in Shanxi Province by convenience sampling to carry out cross-sectional study. The investigation was implemented with the general information questionnaire, State Anxiety Scale (SAI) , Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) , Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ; and the influencing factors of preoperative anxiety of patients were analyzed. Results Among 252 patients with orthopedic surgery, the scores of SAI and SAS were (44.72±6.99) and (40.61±5.69) respectively higher than national norms (P<0.05) . Correlation analysis showed that the scores of AIS and VAS had positive correlations with the scores of SAI and SAS (r=0.745, 0.666, 0.469, 0.491; P<0.05) . Multiple stepwise linear regression showed that the main influencing factors of state-anxiety included the sleep, pain, history of surgery, different occupations, education degree, disease types and disease cognition with statistical differences (P<0.05) ; the main influencing factors of self-assessment anxiety included the sleep, disease cognition, pain, history of surgery, different genders, ages and types of medical insurance. Conclusions Patients with orthopedic surgery have the high level of preoperative anxiety. Medical staff should pay attention to psychological intervention for preoperative anxiety of patients with orthopedic surgery, especially for those without history of surgery, with lack of disease cognition and poor sleep so as to reduce preoperative anxiety and pain, and improve patients' sleep. Key words: Anxiety; Sleep; Pain; Orthopedics; Preoperative period; Influencing factors