Validación de un método analítico para determinar la enzima acetilcoli nesterasa (AChE) en saliva humana de poblaciones expuesta s a plaguicidas organofosforados y carbamatos

There are many rural communities who use pesticides for agricultural purposes, that use has increased the risk of poisoning of the farmers and their families. In response to the need to control exposure to pesticides through a non-invasive, low-cost and auto administered method the validation of the Ellman is method was performed to determine the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) due to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in human saliva samples. Sixty samples of saliva of the field workers over the age of eight years old were analyzed. In the study were the necessary conditions to measure the activity of the AChE such as treatment and volume of the sample, concentration of the reactants and unwanted effect optimized. It was observed that saliva can be used as a biological indicator for the determination of inhibition of the AChE for exposition to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. The validated method allowed researchers to determine the activity and the levels of inhibition of the enzymes relative to poisoning with the aforementioned pesticides in human saliva in a fast way, with high level of specificity, precision and at low cost.