Percutaneous puncture closure of postoperative residual ventricular septal defects without radiation

Abstract Redo surgical approach to the residual ventricular septal defect (VSD) is technically more demanding: sternum re-entry has to be performed very carefully to avoid any uncontrolled bleeding and preparation of the adhesions has to be made to expose the most important structures (ascending aorta, caval veins). However, percutaneous transcatheter device closure of the residual VSD with radiation exposure can cause arrhythmia, valves injury and vascular complications. Herein we present a new and less invasive technique to treat residual VSD, without arterial access, radiation exposure and cardiopulmonary bypass.