50-Gb/s silicon modulator using 250-µm-Long phase shifter based-on forward-biased pin diodes

We present a 50-Gb/s silicon Mach-Zehnder modulator that uses the shortest 250-µm long phase shifter. A 4.2-dB extinction ratio was obtained at 50 Gb/s with 4.35 V peak-to-peak (V pp ) driving signals and 45-mW power consumption.