Irreducible components of the global nilpotent cone

This paper gives a combinatorial description of the set of irreducible components of the semistable locus of the global nilpotent cone, in genus $\ge2$. The first main result of this paper states that the set of irreducible components of the global nilpotent cone is given by the very natural decomposition in twisted Jordan strata, which are smooth. Then we move on to the semistable locus and obtain purely combinatorial conditions on the twisted Jordan type to be semistable. The proof uses an analogous result obtained in the context of moduli stacks of chains, and shows that semistability can be tested on the most `simple' subsheaves - the ones built with iterated kernels and images. The proof is constructive and do not rely on the coprimality of the rank and degree, in particular we get that the attracting cells are smooth in any case. The last section describes this set of semistable components in terms of integral polytopes.