LIPÍDIOS MICROALGAIS UTILIZADOS COMO BIOSSURFACTANTES EM PROCESSO DE BIORREMEDIAÇÃO DE DIESEL E BIODIESEL EM SOLO MICROALGAL LIPIDS AS BIOSURFACTANTS IN A BIOREMEDIATION OF DIESEL AND BIODIESEL IN SOIL

The concern with the environment has been growing in last years. These contexts include the search for alternatives to low the generation of pollutants, as well as decontamination of sites contaminated with hazardous wastes that may be toxic to the environment and the population as a whole. The aim of this work was the use of microalgal lipids as biosurfactants in the decontamination of soil contaminated with diesel and biodiesel, compared with natural attenuation. Lipids were extracted of the Spirulina platensis biomass and added to diesel or biodiesel contaminated soils. The biodegradation was accompanied by determination of oil and grease and microbial activity by the technique of CO 2 evolution. The microalgal lipids demonstrated its potential in the bioremediation of oil residues, since there was obtained 81.9% and 81.7% of biodiesel and diesel biodegradation respectively, greater than the values obtained in natural attenuation, of 54.36% and 30.09% with diesel or biodiesel respectively, at 60 days of bioremediation. The evolution of CO 2 also showed high results of accumulated CO 2 in the tests added of biosurfactant. In the assay of biodiesel added of biosurfactant, cumulative CO 2 was 1341.65 mg at 60 days, compared to 775.3 mg of CO 2 in assay realized with biosurfactant and diesel, while in trials with natural attenuation, the evolution of CO 2 was 184.51 mg and 246.80 mg for diesel to biodiesel.