Magnetic transition behavior of perovskite manganites Nd0.5Sr0.3Ca0.2MnO3 polycrystalline

A polycrystalline sample Nd0.5Sr0.3Ca0.2MnO3 is prepared by the conventional solid state reaction method. The structure and magnetic properties are investigated with x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), and electron spin resonance (ESR). The sample is in single phase with the space group Pbnm symmetry. With the decrease of temperature, Nd0.5Sr0.3Ca0.2MnO3 undergoes three magnetic transitions: ferromagnetic transition at T C ≈ 210 K, charge-ordering at T CO ≈ 175 K, and antiferromagnetic transition at T N = 155 K. In addition, the activation energy E a ≈ 52.78 meV can be extracted by curve fitting.