Novel phenomena in two-dimensional semiconductors

Abstract van der Waals technology, since its creation in 2010, enabled the development of many materials, which never existed before, and led to the observation of numerous exciting physical phenomena. Here we present an overview of recent developments in the technology of two-dimensional (2D) crystals and their heterostructures and discuss novel physical phenomena observed in these artificial materials. We discuss the paradigm of tailor-made materials with properties on demand and overview novel phenomena in 2D nanomechanics, valleytronics, superconductivity, ferromagnetism, and novel topological states.