Soft computing approach for data validation

Terminology In this section, some useful definitions are given. Fault:An unpermitted deviation of at least one characteristic property or parameter of the system from the acceptable, usual or standard condition. Failure: A permanent interruption of a system’s ability to perform a required function under specified conditions. Error: A deviation between a measured or computed value of an output variable and its true one. Residual: A fault indicator based on a deviation between measurements and model-equation-based computations. Fault Detection: Determination of faults present in a system and the time of detection. Fault isolation: Determination of the kind, location and time of detection of a fault. Follows fault detection. Failure identification: Determination of the size and time-variant behavior of a fault. Follows fault isolation. Fault diagnosis: Determination of the kind, size, location and time of detection of a fault. Follows fault detection. Includes fault isolation and identification. Analytical redundancy: Use of more (not necessarily identical) ways to determine a variable, where one way uses a mathematical process model in analytical form.