Xanthone C-Glycoside and Acylated Sugar from Polygala tenuifolia.

A new xanthone C-glycoside, polygalaxanthone III (1), and a new acylated sugar, tenuifoliside E (2) were isolated from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia. Their structures were characterized as 4-C-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone (1) and β-D-(1-O-acetyl-3-O-feruloyl-6-O-sinapoyl)-fructofuranosyl-α-D-(2,4,6-O-triacetyl)glucopyranoside (2), respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence including two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) studies.