Анализ заболеваемости, частоты госпитализаций и уровня летальности при патологии органов пищеварения в Московской области

Rationale: According to prognosis made by World Health Organization experts, by mid-21st century gastrointestinal disorders will be among the leaders, partially due to lifestyle of a modern man (stress, unhealthy diet, lack of physical exercise, unhealthy habits), environmental pollution, genetically modified and low quality foods. Aim: To provide informational support of activities aimed at improvement of organization of medical care to patients with gastrointestinal disorders and at further development of specialized gastroenterological care to the population of the Moscow Region, its better availability and higher efficacy and quality. Materials and methods: We calculated and analyzed gastrointestinal morbidity in 2014 (according to referrals) among the main age categories (children, adolescents, adults) of the population of the Moscow Region, as well as hospitalization rates and in-hospital mortality. The information was taken from the Federal Statistical Surveillance report forms # 12 and # 14. Results: In 2014, the highest prevalence of gastrointestinal disorders was registered in adolescents, being by 42.7% higher than that in adults and by 11.7% higher than that in children. The leading causes of referrals in all age categories were gastritis and duodenitis, as well as gall bladder and bile tract disorders. The structure of morbidity was characterized by a high proportion of pancreatic disorders, stomach and duodenal ulcers in adults. The rate of hospitalizations due to gastrointestinal disorders was 17.8 cases per 1000 patients, being 17.4‰ in adults and 19.8‰ in children and adolescents. The main reasons for hospitalization in adults were diseases of pancreas (23.9% of all hospitalization due to gastrointestinal disorders), gall bladder and bile tract disorders (16.3%). In children and adolescents, the main reasons for hospitalizations were intestinal disorders (36.4%), gastritis and duodenitis (17.9%). In-hospital mortality from gastrointestinal disorders in adults was 3.3%, in children, 0.02%. Conclusion: The statistical data obtained, as well as the results of the analysis of organization, quality and efficacy of medical care to patients with gastrointestinal disorders can be used for improvement of gastroenterological care at all levels and further development of this service in the region.