Climatic factors and their influence on onset and duration of phenological phases of chosen plants at locations south Moravia during 1961–2007

In this work phenological phases of three species - ramson (Allium ursinum L.), hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) and oak tree (Quercus robur L.) were evaluated on two research plots Lednice and Lanžhot during 1961-2007. Both plots represent protected flood-plain forests with no forestry management. The aim of this work is to assess which meteorological parameters influence the most duration of phenophases, to analyse shifts of phenophase timing during the period 1961 to 2007 and to compare phenological and temperature trends in this period. The meteorological and phenological data processed by software AnClim and FenoClim. Results showed that maximum and mean temperature influenced the duration of phenophases most significantly. The higher temperatures caused shortening of phenophases and vice versa. Per 1°C temperature increas the given phenophase its length will decrease by 2.3 days in case of oak tree, by 0.8 days in the case of hawthorn and by 1.3 days in the case of ramson. The onset of phenophases has advanced by 9 to 10 days during the period of 47 years.