논문 : 1963년 5대 대통령 선거에 나타난 특성과 그 원인

The Election of the Fifth President in 1963 meant that South Korean people elected the President of the Third Republic legally. After The 5·16 coup, Military government which lasted for two years and six months did not obtain state power from the people. Therefore, Military government was an illegal political system, this system was reborn as a legitimate government through The Election of the Fifth President. “Inclination of Cleavages in the city and the village” and “Regionally divided voting phenomenon” were overlapped in the Election of the Fifth President in 1963. The “Regionally divided voting phenomenon” has been estimated the idea argument between Park Chung-hee and Yun bo-sun by researchers. The phenomenon was not only caused by the argument between Park and Yun, but also by the economic concentration on the Yeongnam and Honam regions, the withdrawal of some of the old branches in the Democratic Party(DP) from the Civil Rule Party(CRP), and “The comment of Kim Sa-man in Yeongju city”. The argument between Park and Yun couldn`t affect voters much, because the voters had recognized that both of them were anticommunist. Meanwhile, the phenomenon of “Inclination of Cleavages in the city and the village” means that the election was affected by organizational power, financial resources, and government authority from the ruling party. In spite of this effect, Park won only 150,000 more votes than Yun, which shows that Park was not supported by South Korean people. The result of the election came from social-economic problems, although South Korea had been in worse economic trouble with the Military government. Most of the causes for economic trouble are the failure of diplomatic policy by the Military government, natural disaster, reduced aid of the US.