Evaluation of (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3/PVDF Piezocomposites for mechanical energy harvesting

Abstract This paper demonstrates the energy harvesting characteristics of 0–3 x(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3/(1-x)PVDF; 0 ≤ x (volume fraction) ≤ 0.30 composites employing the drop weight impact method. The X-ray diffraction method was adopted for ascertaining the formations of (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3 ceramic and (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3/PVDF composites. The values of bulk density, apparent porosity, free dielectric constant, piezoelectric coefficient (d33), figure of merit (FoM), and Shore D hardness were found to increase, whereas the value of tanδ first decreases up to x = 0.025 and then increases upon increasing x. Also, the value of the piezoelectric voltage constant (g33) increases up till x = 0.25 and it drops a little for x = 0.30. A remarkable increment in the contact voltage (from 7.71 V to 15.23 V for x = 0.30) with increasing impact height (h = 6–21 cm) and (from 5.37 V to 15.23 V for h = 21 cm) with increasing x was observed. The small values of water absorption (