Sentinel nodes in vulvar cancer: Long-term follow-up of the GROningen INternational Study on Sentinel nodes in Vulvar cancer (GROINSS-V) I

Abstract Objective In 2008 GROINSS-V-I, the largest validation trial on the sentinel node (SN) procedure in vulvar cancer, showed that application of the SN-procedure in patients with early-stage vulvar cancer is safe. The current study aimed to evaluate long-term follow-up of these patients regarding recurrences and survival. Methods From 2000 until 2006 GROINSS-V-I included 377 patients with unifocal squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (T1, Results The median follow-up was 105months (range 0–179). The overall local recurrence rate was 27.2% at 5years and 39.5% at 10years after primary treatment, while for SN-negative patients 24.6% and 36.4%, and for SN-positive patients 33.2% and 46.4% respectively (p=0.03). In 39/253 SN-negative patients (15.4%) an inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy was performed, because of a local recurrence. Isolated groin recurrence rate was 2.5% for SN-negative patients and 8.0% for SN-positive patients at 5years. Disease-specific 10-year survival was 91% for SN-negative patients compared to 65% for SN-positive patients (p Conclusions Survival is very good for patients with a negative SN, but still 36% of these patients, as well as 46% of the patients with a positive SN, will have a local recurrence. Although a local recurrence is treated with curative intent, the disease-specific survival of these patients decreases significantly.