Conformity of land relations to productive forces: retrospective analysis

The following is being revealed in the paper: evolution of land relations and retrospective of agricultural policy realization’s mechanism from tribal land property, cancellation of serfdom law, period of state monopoly for land ownership and ruling of kolgosp-radgosp (agricultural economy control system, which was operation during Soviet times) system, to agricultural reforms during 1990s-2018. Per analysis of transformations, which happened during last century, the hypothesis of discrepancy between land relations and productive forces development level, and destructive social-economic consequences for balanced rural development. This is the reason Ukraine was not able to fulfill its agricultural potential, despite possibilities of new technical modes and possibilities of existing green and industrial revolutions. It is proven that this is one of the main reasons of Ukrainian agricultural sector to lag behind other countries, which also feature resource-based economy. Using data regarding private land shares turnover during 18 years long moratorium on market deals for agricultural land, the trend of land shares’ over-concentration within certain vertically integrated agricultural holdings is substantiated. Hence the urgent need for development of organizational-economic mechanism, aimed at balancing of agendas of all land relations participants: farmers (land owners, family farm owners), medium and large enterprises, regional communities and state.