Energy-Gap Dynamics of Superconducting NbN Thin Films Studied by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

Using time-domain terahertz spectroscopy we performed direct studies of the photoinduced suppression and recovery of the superconducting gap in a conventional BCS superconductor NbN. Both processes are found to be strongly temperature and excitation density dependent. The analysis of the data with the established phenomenological Rothwarf-Taylor model enabled us to determine the bare quasiparticle recombination rate, the Cooper pair-breaking rate and the electron-phonon coupling constant, � ¼ 1:1 � 0:1, which is in excellent agreement with theoretical estimates.