New Method and Data on Residue Production in Spallation by 208Pb on Protons for the Design of Spallation Sources

The design of an accelerator-driven system (ADS) requires precise knowledge of nuclide production cross sections in order to be able to predict the amount of radioactive isotopes produced inside the spallation target. Short-lived isotopes may be responsible for maintenance problems, and long-lived ones will increase the long-term radiotoxicity of the system. Recoil kinetic energies of the fragments are important for studies of radiation damages in the structural materials. Spallation of lead is particularly important since in most of the ADS concepts actually discussed, lead or lead-bismuth alloy is considered as the preferred material of the spallation target.