WORLD OCEAN - LAST RESERVE OF HUMANITY

The questions of control over the mineral resources of the Earth as one of the most important components of the geopolitical aspirations of the countries of the "golden billion", led by the US. It is noted that the world's oceans - the last reserve of humanity, has kolosalnoe volumes of hydrocarbons and solid minerals (TPI). It is emphasized that the mineral - raw material security of Russia is the basis of national security. The most interesting from the standpoint of possibility of industrial development are mineral resources of the seabed - the shelf zone, the continental slope and ocean floor. In 1982, adopted the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, it came into effect in 1984 and, according to her marine mineral resources are the common heritage of mankind. However, this applies only to those fields, which lie outside of the continental shelf belonging to specific states. The Convention defined in the World Ocean Region 2: - Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) - a 200-mile sea lane along the coast of the country, within which this state has all the rights for exploration, production, storage and disposal of natural resources and the seabed; - The international seabed area, within which the activities and the development of its resources is universal and is regulated by the International Committee (body) on the seabed (the ISA - ISA). The data on the basic fields of oil, natural gas, deep-sea polymetallic sulfides, ferromanganese nodules and cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts. The conclusion about the need to create in the Russian sea mining.