Выделение, Характеристика и противовирусные свойства биологически активных веществ из высших грибов Западной Сибири

In order to study the biochemical composition and antiviral activity were prepared and characterized extracts of more than 20 higher fungi, which grow in the Novosibirsk region (South of Western Siberia). It was revealed the presence proteins, polysaccharides, carotenoids, triterpenes and flavonoids (in a few samples) in the aqueous and ethanol extracts of higher fungi. It was found that the polysaccharides content in aqueous extracts ranges from 8,5 mg/g for Flammulina velutipes to 373 mg/g for Trichaptum biforme and in ethanol extracts from 37,9 mg/g for Fomitopsis pinicola to 451,3 mg/g for Daedaleopsis tricolor. Total protein content is from 3.0 mg/g in aqueous extract of Amanita muscaria to 44.1 mg/g in ethanol extract of Lycoperdon pyriforme. Aqueous extracts of Coprinus comatus and Trametes trogii and ethanol extracts of Lycoperdon pyriforme, Phallus impudicus, Steccherinum ochraceum and Bjerkandera adusta showed antiviral activity against orthopoxviruses (vaccinia and mousepox viruses) and herpes simplex virus type 2. Quantification of groups of biologically active substances (BAS) in the extracts has prognostic value in the evaluation of their biological effects, including anti-viral activity. Evaluation of quantitative content of biologically active substances (BAS) in extracts has the prognostic importance in the analysis of their biological activities, including antiviral activity, and plays an important role in establishing integrated antivirals against DNA-containing viruses.