Gemmeiza 12 – A NEW EGYPTIAN HIGH YIELDING AND RUST RESISTANT BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVAR

Gemmeiza 12, a new bread wheat variety released by Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, ARC, Egypt in 2012, offers wheat growers a new choice for high yielding, and rust resistant variety. Gemmeiza 12 originated and selected from a hybrid made at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). The parentages and pedigree of Gemmeiza 12 are : OTUS/3/SARA/THB//VEE  CMSS97Y00227S-5y-010M-010Y-010M-2Y-1M-0Y-OGM .Based on the results of 76 yield trials conducted during three successive growing seasons 2007/2008 , 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 and 73 verification yield trials through the three growing seasons 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 in addition to 22 demonstration fields during 2012/2013 growing season. The results proved the superiority of the new cultivar Gemmeiza 12 over most of the dominating wheat cultivars i.e, Sakha 93, Gemmeiza 9, Giza 168 and Sids 12 at Delta  region and Middle Egypt. Moreover, the new cultivar yielded more than Sakha 93 at all locations representing Upper Egypt and Out Valley zones but its productivity was slightly less than Giza 168 and Sids 12 in both locations. The results obtained from the on-farm trials and the demonstration  field assure the superiority of Gemmeiza 12 The new released variety was resistant to rust diseases especially both yellow and stem rust diseases. The flour of Gemmeiza 12 is acceptable for bread making since the protein content reached about 13% and the wet gluten percentage was 29.1%