The TNG50 Simulation: Highly-resolved galaxies in a large cosmological volume to the present day

Large-volume cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation enable us to theoretically follow the co-evolution of thousands of galaxies while directly outputting the observable signatures that result from the complex and highly non-linear process of cosmic structure formation. Here we present the first results from the TNG50 run, an unprecedented ‘next generation’ cosmological, magnetohydrodynamical simulation that we have recently brought to completion on the Hazel Hen supercomputer. TNG50 is the third and final volume of the IllustrisTNG project. With over 20 billion resolution elements it resolves spatial scales down to \(\sim \) 100 parsecs, following the co-evolution of dark matter, gas, stars, supermassive black holes and magnetic fields across the history of the Universe.