An Extremely Massive Quiescent Galaxy at $z=3.493$: Evidence of Insufficiently Rapid Quenching Mechanisms in Theoretical Models.
2019
We present spectra of the most massive quiescent galaxy yet discovered at $z>3$, spectroscopically confirmed via the detection of Balmer absorption features in the $H-$ and $K-$bands of Keck/MOSFIRE. The spectra confirm a galaxy with no significant ongoing star formation, consistent with the lack of rest-frame UV flux and overall photometric spectral energy distribution. With a stellar mass of $3.1^{+0.1}_{-0.2} \times 10^{11} ~\rm{M}_\odot$ at $z = 3.493$, this galaxy is nearly three times more massive than the highest redshift spectroscopically confirmed absorption-line identified galaxy known. The star-formation history of this quiescent galaxy implies that it formed $>1000 ~\rm{M}_\odot$/yr for almost 0.5 Gyr beginning at $z\sim7.2$, strongly suggestive that it is the descendant of massive dusty star-forming galaxies at $5
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