Xylanase Production by Bacillus circulans D1 Using Maltose as Carbon Source

Bacillus circulans D1 is a good producer of extracellular thermostable xylanase. Xylanase production in different carbon sources was evaluated and the enzyme synthesis was induced by various carbon sources. It was found that d-maltose is the best inducer of the enzyme synthesis (7.05 U/mg dry biomass at 48 h), while d-glucose and d-arabinose lead to the production of basal levels of xylanase. The crude enzyme solution is free of cellulases, even when the microorganism was cultivated in a medium with d-cellobiose. When oat spelt xylan was supplemented with d-glucose, the repressive effect of this sugar on xylanase production was observed at 24 h, only when used at 5.0 g/L, leading to a reduction of 60% on the enzyme production. On the other hand, when the xylan medium was supplemented with d-xylose (3.0 or 5.0 g/L), this effect was more evident (80 and 90% of reduction on the enzyme production, respectively). Unlike that observed in the xylan medium, glucose repressed xylanase production in the maltose medium, leading to a reduction of 55% on the enzyme production at 24 h of cultivation. Xylose, at 1.0 g/L, induced xylanase production on the maltose medium. On this medium, the repressive effect of xylose, at 3.0 or 5.0 g/L, was less expressive when compared to its effect on the xylan medium.