Efficacy and safety of two analogs of L-carnitine on rats made insulin resistant by a high-fructose diet.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 2 analogs of L-carnitine on rats made insulin resistant by a high-fructose diet. Methods: Using rats made insulin resistant by a high-fructose diet, we investigated the impact of 2 analogs of L-carnitine (25 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (250 mg/kg) on glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol blood levels, and liver glycogen. We also evaluated the safety of both analogs by the assessment of some biochemical and hematological parameters, a histological analysis and a study of embryotoxicity. Results: Both analogs reduced the levels of triglycerides in the liver and plasma, but only analog 2 reduced the cholesterol levels in insulin-resistant rats. No changes were observed in glycogen content. Safety evaluations revealed alterations in blood lymphocytes and embryotoxicity data. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the 2 analogs maintain the pharmacological properties of L-carnitine but have a different efficacy, potency and toxicity.