Post-operative Bleeding and its Management

Background: one of the most feared complications of surgery is bleeding. Substantial gastrointestinal bleeding in the postoperative time is an unusual complication of both GI and non-GI surgery. If not managed properly and promptly, the patient can suffer from hypovolemic shock and so it is considered a life-threatening emergency until proven otherwise. Aim of the work: In this review, we aimed to study post-operative bleeding with special reference to gastrointestinal surgery and also to understand the major causes and explore the approach to its management. Methodology: we conducted this review by using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE, January 2001, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: post-operative bleeding, gastrointestinal surgical hemorrhage, gastrointestinal bleeding, hypotensive shock and bleeding management. Results: immediate surgery must be performed to save the patient in case of bleeding after surgery. Conclusion: to prevent postoperative hemorrhage, thorough evaluation must be done. When bleeding occurs, it is essential to recognize it immediately as prognosis and survival are significantly affected with delayed proper management. If needed, immediate surgery must be performed to save the patient.