Reversed C Sternotomy versus Conventional Sternotomy in Cardiac Surgery

Background  In this study, cardiac surgery with minimally invasive reversed C sternotomy was compared with conventional sternotomy in patients undergoing valve replacement or septal defect repair. Methods  In this prospective randomized study, 35 patients were assigned into one of two groups for elective cardiac surgery under general anesthesia: Group A (reversed C sternotomy group) and Group B (conventional sternotomy group). Intraoperative variables, intubation time, postoperative drainage volume, pulmonary function tests, sleep quality and quality of life, and requirement for blood transfusion were compared. Results  A significant difference between the two groups was found in blood transfusion requirement, extubation time, and drainage volume. Forced expiratory volume in one second and functional vital capacity were significantly lower in Group B than in Group A at postoperative Month 1. Total sleep component score of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index in Group B patients was significantly worse at postoperative Month 1. Postoperative assessment of quality of life (physical and mental) also showed a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion  These preliminary findings suggest that creating an access point without compromising the integrity of the sternum seems to be an advantageous and appropriate technique for suitable patients undergoing cardiac surgery.